IMPACT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS ON INTEGRAL CHARACTERISTIC OF HEALTH. PROSPECTIVE POPULATION STUDY OF WORKERS IN DANGEROUS PROFESSIONS
Abstract
Aim. To assess the social status and methods of psychological protection of the individual in a number of organized populations in several typical regions (5 cities of Russia), as well as to compare the identified psychological characteristics with traditional risk factors (FR) and chronic non-communicable diseases in a prospective population study.
Material and methods. In 2010 - 2011, in five cities of Russia (Nizhny Novgorod, Veliky Novgorod,
Vologda, Nalchik, Omsk), screening was conducted on full (representative) samples from organized populations (at least 500 people in each, with a response to the survey from 80 to 90%). A total of 2,227 people were examined: 1,336 women and 891 men aged 25-75 years. In 2012-2014, a prospective (through 3 years) population study in the cities of Nizhny Novgorod, Nalchik, Veliky Novgorod and Omsk. Screening of the same organized population was conducted in 1202 people (response-64.7%). The questionnaires for assessment of social-economic status, somatic and psychological health, life style index or psychological defense mechanisms, pathogen reflection, psychotism scale, hospital scale of anxiety and depression, international stress scale, as well as the moral potential of person were methods of screening.
Results. It was exposed that among the mechanisms of psychological defenses primitive ones dominated, especially projection, replacement, denial and suppression; the pathogen reflection style was formed in the most of the respondents. In process of mathematic analysis we used the method of «simple cross-tabulation» for join all negative mechanisms of psychological defense. It gives us the possibility to show their significant connection with the most somatic diseases in the personal history (р<0,001).
Conclusion. Psychological parameters significant dominate over physiological signs in their impact on the health. Thus it demands necessity to take into account the psychological status in the health improving process.
References
Aleksandrovskij Yu.A. Socialnostressovye rasstrojstva. Rossijskij medicinskij zhurnal. 1996; 11: 10-14. [Alexandrovsky JuA. Socialstress disorders. Russian Med. J. 1996; 11:10-14].
Ajzenk G., Ajzenk M. Issledovaniya chelovecheskoj psihiki. M; Izdatelstvo «EksmoPress». 2001; p.480. [Eysenck H., Eysenck M. Studies of the human psyche. M., Publisher «EksmoPress».2001; p.480]. ISBN 5-04-008247-9.
Bassin F.V. O sile «Ya» i psihologicheskoj zashite. Voprosy filosofii. M., 1969; 2: 118 – 126. [Bassin FV. About the power of the «I» and psychological protection. Voprosy filosofii. M., 1969; 2: 118-126].
Bojko V.V. Metodika diagnostiki urovnya emocionalnogo vygoraniya// http//psylist.net./praktikum/19.htm. [Boyko V. V. Methods of diagnostics of the level of emotional burnout http//psylist.net./praktikum/19.htm ].
Britov A.N., Eliseeva N.A., Deev A.D., i dr. Psihosocialnye faktory v ocenke obshestvennogo zdorovya po rezultatam populyacionnogo mnogocentrovogo issledovaniya. Profilakticheskaya medicina. Moskva. Media Sfera. 2012; 15(1): 4-9. [Britov AN, Eliseeva NA, Deev AD, et al. Psychosocial factors for assessment of the public health as a result population multicentre study. Preventive Medicine. Moscow. Media Sphere. 2012; 15(1): 4-9].
Britov A.N., Eliseeva N.A., Deev A.D., Miroshnik E.V. Neobhodimo li uchityvat psihosocialnye osobennosti naseleniya pri planirovanii i realizacii populyacionnyh profilakticheskih programm? Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika. 2012; 1:17-22. [Britov AN, Eliseeva NA, Deev AD, Miroshnik EV. Is it necessary to take account of psychosocial features of the population for planning and realization of the population preventive programmers? Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2012; 1: 17-22].
Britov A.N., Eliseeva N.A., Deev A.D., i dr. Sindrom emocionalnogo vygoraniya i uroven stressa v proizvodstvennyh kollektivah v Rossii po dannym populyacionnogo prospektivnogo issledovaniya. Terapiya. 2020; 3: 47-56. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2020.3.4655 [Britov AN, Yeliseyeva NA, Deev AD, et all. Syndrom of emotional burnout and stress levels in the workforce in Russia, according to a population –based prospective stady. Therapy. 2020; 3: 47-56. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2020.3.4655].
Britov A.N., Eliseeva N.A., Deev A.D., i dr. Vliyanie psihologicheskih faktorov na integralnuyu harakteristiku zdorovya. Dannye prospektivnogo populyacionnogo issledovaniya. Klinicheskaya medicina. 2015; 93(1): 56-62. [Britov AN, Yeliseyeva NA, Deev AD, et all. The influence of psychological factors on the integral characteristic of health. Data from a prospective population study. Clinical Medicine. 2015; 93(1):56-62].
Vasserman L.I., Eryshev O.F., Klubova E.B., i dr. Psihologicheskaya diagnostika indeksa zhiznennogo stilya. Posobie dlya vrachej i psihologov. S-Peterburg. 1999: 48. [Wasserman LI, Eryshev OF, Klubova EB, et al. Psychological diagnosis of the Life style Index. Handbook for physicians and psychologists. S-Petersburg. 1999: 48]
Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 1983; 24: 385-396.
Zejgarnik B.V. Patopsihologiya. M.: Izdatelstvo Moskovskogo universiteta. 1986. p. 286. [Zeigarnik BV. Pathopsychologiya. M.: Moscow University Press. 1986. p. 286].
Kaplan GA, Lynch JW. Editorial: Whither studies on the socioeconomic foundations of population health? Am. J. Public Health. 1997; 87(9): 1409-1411. doi: 10.2105/ajph.87.9.1409.
Lang G.F. Gipertonicheskaya bolezn. Moscow: Medgiz, 1950. p. 496. [Lang GF.
Hypertensive Disease. Moscow: Medgiz, 1950. p. 496].
Lukomskij P.E., Myasnikov A.L. Bolezni serdechno-sosudistoj sistemy. Moskva: Medgiz, 1964; 2, p. 614. [Lukomsky PE, Mjasnikov AL. Diseases of cardiovascular system. Moscow: Medgiz, 1964; 2, p. 614].
Mak-VilyamsN. Psihoanaliticheskaya diagnostika: ponimanie struktury lichnosti v klinicheskom processe. M. Izdatelstvo: Klass, 2011. p. 480. ISBN 5-86375-096-0 [McWilliams N. Psychoanalytic diagnostics: understanding the structure of personality in the clinical process. Moscow Publishing House: Class, 2011. p. 480. ISBN 5-86375096-0].
Miroshnik E.V. Antistressornaya regulyaciya psihoemocionalnogo sostoyaniya cheloveka. Estestvennye i tehnicheskie nauki. Informacionno analiticheskij zhurnal.
Izdatelstvo: Kompaniya «Sputnik plyus». 2009; 6: 209-211. [Miroshnik EV. Antistress regulation of psychoemotional state of a person. Natural and technical Sciences. Information analytical journal. Publisher: Sputnik plus Company. 2009; 6: 209-211].
Myasnikov A.L. «Gipertonicheskaya bolezn». Moskva: Medgiz, 1954. p. 391. [Mjasnikov AL. Hypertensive Disease. Moscow: Medgiz, 1954. p. 391].
Orlov Yu.M. «Voshozhdenie k individualnosti». Moskva, Prosveshenie, 1991. 287s. ISBN 5-09-003075-8. [Orlov JuM. Ascent to individuality. Moscow. Education, 1991. p. 287. ISBN 5-09-003075-8].
Pletnev D.D. K voprosu o somaticheskoj ciklotimii. Russkaya klinika. 1927; 7(36): 495-500. [Pletnev DD. For the question of the somatic cyclothymia. Russian Clinic. 1927; 7(36): 495-500].
Pogosova N.V., Oganov R.G., Koltunov I.E., i dr. Monitoring vtorichnoj profilaktiki IBS v Rossii i stranah Evropy: rezultaty mezhdunarodnogo mnogocentrovogo issledovaniya «EUROASPIRE III». Kardiologiya. Moskva. Bionika Media. 2011; 1: 34-40. [Pogosova NV, Oganov RG, Koltunov IE, et al. Monitoring of the secondary prevention of IHD in Russia and European countries: the results of the International multicentre investigation «EUROASPIRE III». Cardiologia. Moscow. Bionica Media. 2011; 11:34-40].
Psihoterapevticheskaya enciklopediya pod redakciej Karvasarskogo D.B. SPb, 3-e izdanie. Izdatelstvo: Piter, Sankt-Peterburg. 1998. p. 752. ISBN: 5-318-00694-9 [Psychotherapeutic Encyclopedia edited by D. B. Karvasarsky, St. Petersburg, 3rd edition. Publishing house: Peter, St. Petersburg. 1998. p. 752. ISBN: 5-318-00694-9].
Sudakov K.V. Psihoemocionalnyj stress: profilaktika i reabilitaciya. Terapevticheskij arhiv. 1997; 1: 70-74. [Sudakov KV. Psycho-emotion stress: prevention and rehabilitation. Therapevt. Archive. 1997; 1: 70-74].
Siegrist J, Peter R, et al. Low status control, high effort at work and ischemic heart disease: prospective evidence from bluecollar men. Social Science and Medicine. 1990; 31(1): 127-134.
Frejd Z. Vvedenie v psihoanaliz: Lekcii. Moskva:Nauka, 1989. p. 456. ISBN 5-02-013357-4 [Preamble into psychoanalysis. Moscow: Science, 1989. p. 456. ISBN 5-02-013357-4].
Frejd Z. «Ya i Ono». Psihologiya bessoznatelnogo: Sbornik proizvedenij. Moskva: Prosveshenie, 1990: 425-439. ISBN 5-09-003787-6. [Fraud Z. I and It. Psychology of the unconscious: Compendium of works. Moscow, Education, 1990, p. 425-439. ISBN 5-09-003787-6].
Frejd A. Psihologiya «Ya» i zashitnye mehanizmy. Cit. Po sborniku «Samosoznanie i zashitnye mehanizmy lichnosti». Moskva: Izdatelskij Dom «Bahra H-M», 2008: 339-356. ISBN: 978-5-94648-126-7. [Fraud A. Psychology of «I» and the protective mechanisms. In Compendium: «self-consciousness and the protective mechanisms of person». Moscow: Publishing House «Bahra X-M», 2008: 339-356. ISBN: 978-5-94648-126-7].
Chajnova L.D. Napryazhennost kak vedushee funkcionalnoe sostoyanie rabotayushego cheloveka. Problemy sistemnogo issledovaniya sostoyaniya napryazhennosti cheloveka. Trudy VNIITE. Seriya «Ergonomika». Vypusk 32. M., 1986: 8-19.
[Chaynova LD. Tension as the leading functional state of a working person. Problems of systematic research of the state of human tension. Proceedings of VNIITE.
Series «Ergonomics». Issue 32. Moscow, 1986: 8-19].
Enciklopediya psihodiagnostiki – Psylab. Info. [Encyclopedia of psycho-diagnostics – Psylab. Info].
CC BY-ND
A work licensed in this way allows the following:
1. The freedom to use and perform the work: The licensee must be allowed to make any use, private or public, of the work.
2. The freedom to study the work and apply the information: The licensee must be allowed to examine the work and to use the knowledge gained from the work in any way. The license may not, for example, restrict "reverse engineering."
2. The freedom to redistribute copies: Copies may be sold, swapped or given away for free, in the same form as the original.
